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Giving AI a headache: acoustic adversarial attacks to computer vision applications

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to automate a variety of real-world computer vision (CV) applications, such as autonomous vehicle control, facial recognition, and security cameras. Recent research has shown that acoustic vibration …

Prompt Programming for Cultural Bias and Alignment of Large Language Models

Culture shapes reasoning, values, prioritization, and strategic decision-making, yet large language models (LLMs) often exhibit cultural biases that misalign with target populations. As LLMs are increasingly used for strategic decision-making, policy …

Topic Modeling and Link-Prediction for Material Property Discovery

Link prediction is a key network analysis technique that infers missing or future relations between nodes in a graph, based on observed patterns of connectivity. Scientific literature networks and knowledge graphs are typically large, sparse, and …

Bridging Legal Knowledge and AI: Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Vector Stores, Knowledge Graphs, and Hierarchical Non-negative Matrix Factorization

Agentic Generative AI, powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), Knowledge Graphs (KGs), and Vector Stores (VSs), represents a transformative technology applicable to specialized domains such as legal systems, …

HEAL: Hierarchical Embedding Alignment Loss for Improved Retrieval and Representation Learning

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external document retrieval to provide domain-specific or up-to-date knowledge. The effectiveness of RAG depends on the relevance of retrieved documents, which …